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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Somalia (2001)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Somalia (2001)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Somalia (2001)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsSomalia
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 18 regions (plural - NA, singular - gobolka); Awdal, Bakool, Banaadir, Bari, Bay, Galguduud, Gedo, Hiiraan, Jubbada Dhexe, Jubbada Hoose, Mudug, Nugaal, Sanaag, Shabeellaha Dhexe, Shabeellaha Hoose, Sool, Togdheer, Woqooyi Galbeed
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
44.54% (male 1,670,320; female 1,665,329)

15-64 years:
52.69% (male 1,993,750; female 1,952,437)

65 years and over:
2.77% (male 91,511; female 115,426) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts cattle, sheep, goats; bananas, sorghum, corn, sugarcane, mangoes, sesame seeds, beans; fish
Airports 1 (2006) 62 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total:
5

over 3,047 m:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
57

2,438 to 3,047 m:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
13

914 to 1,523 m:
29

under 914 m:
11 (2000 est.)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total:
637,657 sq km

land:
627,337 sq km

water:
10,320 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Texas
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. A SIAD BARRE regime was ousted in January 1991; turmoil, factional fighting, and anarchy followed for nine years. In May of 1991, northern clans declared an independent Republic of Somaliland which now includes the administrative regions of Awdal, Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sanaag, and Sool. Although not recognized by any government, this entity has maintained a stable existence, aided by the overwhelming dominance of the ruling clan and economic infrastructure left behind by British, Russian, and American military assistance programs. The regions of Bari and Nugaal comprise a neighboring self-declared Republic of Puntland, which has also made strides towards reconstructing legitimate, representative government. Beginning in 1993, a two-year UN humanitarian effort (primarily in the south) was able to alleviate famine conditions, but when the UN withdrew in 1995, having suffered significant casualties, order still had not been restored. A Transitional National Government (TNG) was created in October 2000 in Arta, Djibouti which was attended by a broad representation of Somali clans. The TNG has a three-year mandate to create a permanent national Somali government. The TNG does not recognize Somaliland or Puntland as independent republics but so far has been unable to reunite them with the unstable regions in the south; numerous warlords and factions are still fighting for control of Mogadishu and the other southern regions.
Birth rate NA 47.23 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Mogadishu
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year principally desert; December to February - northeast monsoon, moderate temperatures in north and very hot in south; May to October - southwest monsoon, torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons
Coastline 26 km 3,025 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979

note:
the Transitional National Government formed in October 2000 has a mandate to create a new constitution and hold elections within three years
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Somalia

former:
Somali Republic, Somali Democratic Republic
Currency - Somali shilling (SOS)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 18.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $2.6 billion (1999 est.)
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US does not have an embassy in Somalia; US interests are represented by the US Embassy in Nairobi at Moi Avenue and Haile Selassie Avenue; mail address: P. O. Box 30137, Unit 64100, Nairobi; APO AE 09831; telephone: [254] (2) 334141; FAX [254] (2) 340838
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) Somalia does not have an embassy in the US (ceased operations on 8 May 1991)
Disputes - international none most of the southern half of the boundary with Ethiopia is a Provisional Administrative Line; territorial dispute with Ethiopia over the Ogaden
Economic aid - recipient $NA $191.5 million (1995)
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. One of the world's poorest and least developed countries, Somalia has few resources. Moreover, much of the economy has been devastated by the civil war. Agriculture is the most important sector, with livestock accounting for about 40% of GDP and about 65% of export earnings. Nomads and semi-nomads, who are dependent upon livestock for their livelihood, make up a large portion of the population. Livestock and bananas are the principal exports; sugar, sorghum, corn, fish, and qat are products for the domestic market. The small industrial sector, based on the processing of agricultural products, accounts for 10% of GDP; most facilities have been shut down because of the civil strife. Moreover, ongoing civil disturbances in Mogadishu and outlying areas have interfered with any substantial economic advance and with international aid arrangements. Due to the civil strife, economic data is susceptible to an exceptionally wide margin of error.
Electricity - consumption - 241.8 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 260 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Shimbiris 2,416 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs famine; use of contaminated water contributes to human health problems; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Endangered Species, Law of the Sea

signed, but not ratified:
Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Somali 85%, Bantu, Arabs 30,000
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) Somali shillings per US dollar - 11,000 (November 2000), 2,620 (January 1999), 7,500 (November 1997 est.), 7,000 (January 1996 est.), 5,000 (1 January 1995), 2,616 (1 July 1993)

note:
the Republic of Somaliland, a self-declared independent country not recognized by any foreign government, issues its own currency, the Somaliland shilling
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state:
ABDIKASSIM Salad Hassan (since 26 August 2000); note - Interim President ABDIKASSIM was chosen for a three-year term by a 245-member National Assembly serving as a transitional government; the present political situation is still unstable, particularly in the south, with interclan fighting and random banditry

head of government:
ALI Khalifa Galaydh, appointed by the president 8 October 2000

cabinet:
appointed by the prime minister and sworn in on 20 October 2000

election results:
ABDIKASSIM Salad Hassan was elected president of an interim government at the Djibouti-sponsored Arta Peace Conference on 26 August 2000 by a broad representation of Somali clans that comprised a transitional National Assembly.
Exports $NA $186 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.)
Exports - commodities copra livestock, bananas, hides, fish (1999)
Exports - partners Australia (2004) Saudi Arabia 53%, Yemen 19%, UAE 14%, Italy 5%, Pakistan 2% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June NA
Flag description the flag of Australia is used light blue with a large white five-pointed star in the center; design based on the flag of the UN (Italian Somaliland was a UN trust territory)
GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.3 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
60%

industry:
10% (largely shut down in 2000)

services:
30% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 10 00 N, 49 00 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation strategic location on Horn of Africa along southern approaches to Bab el Mandeb and route through Red Sea and Suez Canal
Highways - total:
22,100 km

paved:
2,608 km

unpaved:
19,492 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $NA $314 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction materials (1995)
Imports - partners Australia (2004) Djibouti 24%, Kenya 14%, Brazil 13%, Saudi Arabia 10%, India 9% (1999)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 1 July 1960 (from a merger of British Somaliland, which became independent from the UK on 26 June 1960, and Italian Somaliland, which became independent from the Italian-administered UN trusteeship on 1 July 1960, to form the Somali Republic)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries copra products and tourism a few small industries, including sugar refining, textiles, petroleum refining (mostly shut down), wireless communication
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
123.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - over 100% (businesses print their own money) (2000 est.)
International organization participation none ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land NA 1,800 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court following the breakdown of national government, most regions have reverted to Islamic (Shari'a) law with a provision for appeal of all sentences
Labor force NA 3.7 million (very few are skilled laborers) (1993 est.)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others agriculture (mostly pastoral nomadism) 71%, industry and services 29%
Land boundaries 0 km total:
2,366 km

border countries:
Djibouti 58 km, Ethiopia 1,626 km, Kenya 682 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
69%

forests and woodland:
26%

other:
3% (1993 est.)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English Somali (official), Arabic, Italian, English
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws NA
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
unicameral People's Assembly or Golaha Shacbiga

note:
fledgling parliament; a transitional 245-member National Assembly began to meet on 13 August 2000 in the town of Arta, Djibouti and is now based in Mogadishu
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population:
46.6 years

male:
44.99 years

female:
48.25 years (2001 est.)
Literacy NA definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
24%

male:
36%

female:
14% (1990 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, east of Ethiopia
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea:
200 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - A Somali National Army is being reformed under the interim government; numerous factions and clans maintain independent militias, and the Somaliland and Puntland regional governments maintain their own security and police forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
1,825,302 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
1,011,400 (2001 est.)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Foundation of the Somali Republic, 1 July (1960)
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun:
Somali(s)

adjective:
Somali
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April recurring droughts; frequent dust storms over eastern plains in summer; floods during rainy season
Natural resources fish uranium and largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt
Net migration rate NA 5.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 15 km
Political parties and leaders none none
Political pressure groups and leaders none numerous clan and subclan factions are currently vying for power
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 7,488,773

note:
this estimate was derived from an official census taken in 1975 by the Somali Government; population counting in Somalia is complicated by the large number of nomads and by refugee movements in response to famine and clan warfare (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 3.48% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Bender Cassim (Boosaaso), Berbera, Chisimayu (Kismaayo), Merca, Mogadishu
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 0, FM 0, shortwave 4 (1988)
Radios - 470,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Sunni Muslim
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.79 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage NA 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment:
the public telecommunications system was completely destroyed or dismantled by the civil war factions; all relief organizations depend on their own private systems

domestic:
recently, local cellular telephone systems have been established in Mogadishu and in several other population centers

international:
international connections are available from Mogadishu by satellite
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available NA
Television broadcast stations NA 1 (1997)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north
Total fertility rate NA 7.11 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) NA%
Waterways - none
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